The German university system looks back on a long tradition. In the past the academic degrees awarded were Diplom, Magister and State Examination. In accordance with the European-wide Bologna Process, all German universities will have consistently replaced these degrees with consecutive Bachelor's/Master's degree programmes as well as the ECTS (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System) by 2010.

All of these newly accredited Bachelor's and Master's Degree Programmes will be recognised throughout Europe. Bachelor's degrees as a rule, take 6 (or in some cases 7) semesters. Master's degrees usually last for 4 (or in some cases just 3) semesters.
The state examination system for degrees in medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and veterinary medicine is to remain in place for the time being.

German universities offer a wide spectrum of study programmes. University studies have a heavy theoretical focus. The introduction of Bachelor's and Master's degrees has reduced the difference between the comprehensive universities and universities of applied science. The authorisation to award doctorate degrees however, is at present - with a few exceptions - still the domain of the comprehensive universities.

At the Universities of Applied Sciences most of the subjects taught are related to business, engineering and social sciences. Universities of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschulen) are often extremely well equipped (laboratories, libraries etc.) and offer an extremely practice-oriented academic programme including mandatory company internships. A special focus is placed on the mentoring service for foreign students.

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